Unemployment: A High-Rated Social and Economic Problem

Unemployment

Unemployment, kinds, causes, solution

Table of Contents

What is Unemployment?
Types of Unemployment
Examples of Unemployment
Effects on Society
Cure, Solutions, and Measures
Conclusion

Introduction

Unemployment is a state of joblessness. It is an economic term that describes a person's failure to seek a job that he is qualified for. When a significant number of educated people are out of work, they are referred to as the unemployed. It is a widespread social issue across the world.
Unemployment has become the root cause of numerous problems. We find increasing unemployment in different fields.

Global issue

A lack of jobs harms society more than an atomic blast or civil war. It is a global problem that has an impact on all nations, especially wealthy nations like the United States, England, and France. But in Asian countries, it is at its highest peak. The unemployment rate differs depending on the country's industrial and economic development.
Unemployment refers to people who are able and want to work but are unable to do so. The frequency of jobless people shows the level of economic activity. And a country that has several people willing to work is called an "unemployable country."

Impacts

Lack of work means there isn't enough to go around to employ the unemployed. It pollutes society and wrecks the political fabric of the country. It transforms the legal system and decent people into criminals and bandits. When someone is unable to give his sick wife or sick children even a single mouthful of food or a dose of medication, or when they are unable to eat two square meals every day, it is challenging to expect them to be honorable, truthful, or honest. A prolonged period of unemployment and poverty poses a serious threat to the state.
Overpowering and overshadowing all other concerns each country faces today, unemployment has become the most disturbing fact in the country. It has eroded the socioeconomic fabric, leaving the country in social, political, and economic turmoil.
An ill in society is unemployment. Both the educated and the ignorant have to face these negative emotions as a result. In a society where there is unemployment, vices of all kinds, including corruption, crime, discontent, and sin, are prevalent. Hunger, malnutrition, and illness are brought about. Dissatisfied young people are becoming victims of violent crime, thievery, terrorism, drug addiction, drug trafficking, and many other horrific offenses.
When someone is actively looking for a job but is having no luck, that person is said to be unemployed. One important indicator of the state of the economy is unemployment. The number of unemployed people divided by the entire workforce creates the unemployment rate, which is the most commonly used indicator of unemployment. Numerous governments provide unemployment insurance to some jobless people who satisfy the criteria.
Human existence naturally leans toward labor. Most individuals labor to maintain a healthy body and spirit, but very few people work just for enjoyment. Being unemployed or out of work effectively renders a person's life meaningless. Instead, having a job increases a person's value, position, and dignity while also giving them the ability to engage in society. Therefore, in terms of their effects on society, employment, and unemployment are mutually exclusive.
The absence of work is referred to as unemployment. In other words, it refers to a man's failure to locate employment or any employment that suits his qualifications and abilities. In the modern world, unemployment is a global issue. It is no longer transient and controllable. Instead, it has evolved into a global issue that even wealthy and developed nations suffer from. More terror and a sense of uncertainty are being caused by the unemployment virus than by any other virus of the worst sickness.
Generally speaking, a country's industrial and economic progress may be seen in the unemployment graph, which is always changing. When workers who wish to work cannot obtain employment, unemployment results, in reduced economic production. While meager unemployment rates may indicate an overheated economy, high unemployment rates are a symptom of an economic crisis.
There are numerous kinds of unemployment, namely institutional, structural, cyclical, and frictional. Governmental organizations gather and make available unemployment statistics in several ways. As long as they satisfy specific criteria, several countries provide unemployment insurance to jobless people.

Types of Unemployment:

Unemployment has taken on so many different shapes in our society that its basic character has been complicated. There are various forms of unemployment that we often see.

Demand Deficient Unemployment

The main reason for the unemployment that frequently occurs during a recession is demand shortfall unemployment. When businesses encounter a decline in the demand for their goods or services, they react by reducing their output, necessitating a decrease in their internal personnel. In reality, employees are let go.

Frictional Unemployment

The phrase "frictional unemployment" refers to employees who are searching for work. An illustration would be a worker who recently resigned from their position or was dismissed and is looking for work in a healthy economy. Since employees are typically looking for employment that best suits their skills, it is not a bad thing.
Frictional unemployment results when people voluntarily change jobs within an economy. Searching for a new profession normally takes some time after leaving a firm. Like recent graduates, they contribute to frictional unemployment.
Typically, this kind of unemployment is transient. Additionally, it has the fewest economic challenges.
The fact that market procedures take time and that knowledge might be expensive is a natural outcome that leads to frictional unemployment. The effort and time required for job searching, hiring new employees, and placing the appropriate people in the proper roles all contribute to frictional unemployment.

Structural unemployment

When a worker's skill set falls short of the requirements of the jobs that are open, or alternatively when employees are available but are unable to travel to the locations where the opportunities are located, structural unemployment results.
A teaching position, for instance, can entail relocation to China, but certain visa limitations make it impossible for the laborer to get a work visa. It can also occur when a technical advancement in the company eliminates the need for human labor, such as workflow automation.
A technical shift in the economy's structure, where labor markets are located, causes structural unemployment. Technology-related developments, such as the automation of production or the replacement of horse-drawn transportation, result in job displacement, which causes unemployment among employees.
Retraining these people may be challenging, demanding, and time-consuming, and displaced workers frequently find themselves out of a job for a protracted length of time or quit the workforce permanently.

Voluntary unemployment

When a worker decides to leave their workplace because it is no longer financially viable, this is known as "voluntary unemployment. One example is a worker whose take-home wage is below their cost of living.

Cyclical Unemployment

Cyclical unemployment is the variance in the labor force's unemployment rate throughout economic ups and downs, such as those resulting from shifts in the price of oil. During recessions, unemployment increases, while during times of economic expansion, it decreases.
One of the major motivations for studying economics and the goal of the numerous policy instruments that governments use on the negative side of business cycles to boost the economy is to prevent and reduce cyclical unemployment during recessions.

Institutional Unemployment

Long-term or persistent organizational elements and economic incentives cause institutional unemployment. A combination of the four considerations may lead to institutional unemployment:
High minimum pay ceilings, extensive social welfare programs, and stringent occupational licensing regulations are examples of government policy.
Employment discrimination and efficient salaries are examples of labor market phenomena. High unionization rates are an example of a labor market institution. For this reason, the number of unemployed people is rising dramatically. It is among the biggest issues facing our society today.
What should students do when they graduate from their high schools and colleges? They face a significant question with this.
Millions of young people who leave educational institutions every year are unemployed.
Our government and planners face a serious challenge with unemployment.
Even if they make an effort, there are considerably more job seekers than there are open positions. And as more institutions are formed and education is becoming more and more popular, the issue is getting worse.

Seasonal Unemployment

The amount of seasonal unemployment varies across Canada due to regional differences in climate. In certain areas, the winter is difficult for businesses including fishing, building, and tourism. However, other businesses, like snow removal, will see an increase in demand. Agriculture, logging, and other seasonal jobs are additional professions where workers may experience job insecurity. When such businesses, are off-season, workers often have six months of employment followed by six months of unemployment.

Feudal System

In the third world, the country's industry is controlled by a few privileged people. They do not let others share their experience and capital. If they make a little sacrifice, they can build a network of industries in the country  The educated population lacks both the ability and the resources to launch an enterprise. Industrialists can encourage educated individuals to build new factories and mills by offering incentives.

Causes of Unemployment:

The nature of unemployment makes it a significant problem. It is a complicated and serious issue. It prevents a nation from operating efficiently. It may result in widespread corruption and unsolvable socioeconomic issues. Hence, it has to be addressed by some concrete actions before it causes the entire social system to become paralyzed.
Many deadly crimes, including theft, terrorism, drug addiction, violence, and drug trafficking, target disappointed and sad people as victims. Young adults who don't have jobs work, don't make money, and lose interest in right and wrong. The problem of unemployment in the country has persisted for a long time.
In many countries today, unemployment has taken center stage as the most important issue, dominating and, in some ways, outweighing all other worries. There are several causes of the unemployment issue. The rate of unemployment in developing nations is skyrocketing every day.
Now we check out this social evil several root causes.

Faulty Education System

This major issue is also a result of our education system's flaws. Technical education is neglected. Physical labor does not appeal to our young men. The number of desk occupations in the nation is insufficient. Therefore, unemployment is a major issue in society. Moreover, the decline of the cottage and small industries are also a cause of unemployment. The increasing demand for goods is also a cause of unemployment. Locally produced goods are no longer in high demand.
This has caused a lot of issues for both the government and the highly trained artisans.

Inadequate industrialization

Secondly, some countries are not industrial nations. This is the reason why they are unable to employ many of our educated young people in the nation's industries. Consequently, to give young people more and more employment opportunities, we will need to increase our industrialization by establishing more and more industries.
There aren't many big companies and industrial hubs where laborers, skilled employees, and recent graduates may find work as a result of the slow industrial expansion.
The gloomy clouds of unemployment can be blown away by rapid development. In rural areas, small-scale industries should be set up. The government should establish new factories in as many locations as feasible. Unemployed and skilled workers will be able to get employment in large numbers.

Rapid Technology Growth

Excessive use of technology in the field of agriculture unemployed people

Machines have reduced extra work as well as manpower. Scientific inventions are also a cause of unemployment. Every field of life is equipped with invented tools, machines, and parts. Therefore, people are out of a job.

Over-Urbanization

Thirdly, over-urbanization is one of the major reasons for increasing unemployment. Thousands of people from the countryside and villages are coming to the big cities. to seek better job opportunities and for the education of their children. This huge and rapid migration has also made the situation worse than ever. Men converge in cities to live; they stick together to lead fulfilling lives.

Scientific Development

Fourthly, several labor-saving innovations, such as contemporary technology, scientific equipment, and computers, have also eliminated numerous jobs for manual laborers. To create a great deal of contemporary equipment more quickly, they are chosen over manual laborers.

Over Population

Fifth, the population's fast expansion is another significant factor in unemployment. The monster of population growth is devouring all of our resources at an alarming rate. The population of third-world countries is increasing daily, yet our resources remain the same as they were fifty years ago. Therefore, a growing population will result in additional issues and unemployment.

Our nation's population is growing quickly, as is the population of other emerging nations. It becomes challenging to accommodate all of the increasing population's demands. All government attempts to provide food and jobs for the populace are doomed to failure if the population growth rate remains the same. Unemployment is primarily caused by overpopulation.

Poor Political infrastructure

Sixth, a lack of political infrastructure that is both stable and functional contributes to unemployment. Both international and local investors have a sense of unease due to the rapid changes in administrations and political unrest. Therefore, the probability of employment on permanent patterns is diminished by the rapid change of administrations, each of which introduces new goals and initiatives.

Numerous elements originate from both the supply side, or the worker, and the demand side, or the employer, that contribute to unemployment. High-interest rates, a worldwide recession, and a financial crisis might all have an impact on demand. Frictional unemployment and structural unemployment are major contributors on the supply side.

Effects:

Clearly, many sins and crimes have their roots in unemployment. Its victims suffer from malnutrition, illness, and death. Young individuals without jobs or other sources of money eventually lose interest in right and wrong, good and evil.
Corruption, dishonesty, sin, crime, and vices of all kinds are the natural outcome of unemployment. From a political point of view, unemployment is extremely harmful because it breeds discontent and a sense of insecurity in the masses.
In a society where unemployment is widespread, votes may be readily bought and sold. Unemployment also contributes to riots and revolutions. A person who is unable to obtain employment is unable to properly exercise his civic obligations and rights. It is difficult to expect a man to be a real patriot if he is hungry.

Social impacts

The impacts of widespread unemployment are rife in society. A feeling of hopelessness is spreading among them. With no apparent means to earn a livelihood to run their homes, they are forced to spend their lives in abject poverty. Consequently, these disgruntled young people use unfair ways to feed the mouths dependent on them only because they are unable to find a decent job. Moreover, as it is aptly said, "A hungry man is a madman; he does not see what is right and legal, but rather what fulfills his and his family’s needs." Moral and ethical values are the first to suffer as a result of the unemployed and hungry man.
In this way, social discrepancies lead to a heightened crime rate in the community, leaving a stressed, psychologically disturbed society. Hence, ongoing unemployment turns society upside down, destroying the very fundamentals of humanity.
It has far-reaching effects on society. Poverty, lawlessness, disloyalty, and street crime are their rising offspring. As neither the nation nor the individual has enough money to buy, unemployment serves as a catalyst for criminal activity and indirectly worsens poverty and resource scarcity.

Political impacts

In addition to social implications, the political effects of unemployment lead to public disturbances, violent protests, and social instability. Theoretically, a state is in charge of providing the protection, shelter, food, and clothing of its citizens. People have no reason to believe in the state when it disregards its duties to provide opportunities for them to earn even their bare sustenance.
As a result, political upheaval is followed by demonstrations and armed conflict, which causes political paralysis in the state. Additionally, the country is increasingly vulnerable to fifth-generation conflict because of the widening chasm between the populace and the government. As a result, the country's political climate heavily depends on the well-being of its citizens.

Economic impacts

The country faces social and economic challenges as a result of the high unemployment rate.
Economic challenges result in fewer services and commodities being produced as well as an unequal distribution of wealth. There will be less income, fewer tax revenues, and a drop in GDP.
Slow industrial and economic growth is a major contributor to unemployment. The unemployment issue is connected, either directly or indirectly, to the dismal status of the nation's economy. Young people are forced to relocate in search of employment prospects due to the lack of opportunities for them to make a living. This widespread brain drain represents a possible loss of human capital. In addition, losing the best personnel available makes it impossible for the nation to utilize its natural resources as effectively as possible. A sad circumstance, for instance, is that honorary degree holders from poor states go to rich countries for a promising future, forcing the nation to import knowledge and technology to function.
Henceforward, a comprehensive plan must be put in place to provide emerging talents with ample opportunities to grow and prosper.
His most true commitment to the country and his nation might be shaken by ongoing unemployment. Financial issues and concerns can lead to inferiority complexes, self-hatred, and a lack of confidence in their victim. Therefore, a nation with a high unemployment rate must actually deal with turmoil, unrest, anarchy, and terrorism.
There are millions of unemployed people throughout Asia. There has been a lot of planning, but thus far there have been no fruitful outcomes. Nearly every profession is oversaturated. Even a first-class graduate struggles to obtain employment in any office or educational institution. The medical field has completely lost all of its potential. Young physicians have a very tough time getting a position at government facilities. The bar also provides no opportunity for a novice due to the high demand for attorneys in this field. Additionally, there is no longer any opportunity for aspiring young engineers in the field of engineering. For many years, this has been a depressing and bleak depiction of our nation.
In addition to the reasons already listed, there are sporadic reasons for unemployment, such as poor harvests, floods, earthquakes, nonstop rain, strikes, and revolutions. This disease of unemployment is also brought on by employers' attitudes that are biased toward workers based on their ethnicity, religion, color, age, and sexual identity. Every government is working to find a solution to this issue in its own unique way while keeping in mind the resources of the nation.
The effects of unemployment can spread across the economy as well as among the workforce.
Workers who are unemployed experience financial difficulty, which has an effect on their families, relationships, and communities. When it does, consumer spending, one of an economy's main drivers of growth, declines, which, if left ignored, can result in a recession or even a depression.
Reduced supply, consumption, and purchasing power as a result of unemployment; decreased firm earnings; budget cuts; and staff layoffs are all consequences. Without some kind of intervention, it becomes a vicious cycle that is hard to break.

Critical Analysis

To live an honorable life, a person has to have access to food, clothes, and shelter. He works nonstop day and night to get them, earning the money he needs to satisfy his desires. If he can't find a place to work or a job, social, political, and economic irregularities start to take root in unemployed people's brains. As a result, the country incurs significant short- and long-term costs, gradually tearing its socioeconomic fabric apart. 

Long-term Unemployment vs. Short-term Unemployment

Long-term unemployment is defined as being without a job for more than 27 weeks, even if the person has looked for work in the previous four weeks. For obvious reasons, its impacts are far harsher than those of short-term unemployment, some of which are listed below.
About 56% of those who had been unemployed for a long time reported having much less money overall. Long-term unemployment has more repercussions than just financial difficulties; 46% of people in this situation reported having disrupted family ties. The percentage is rather higher than the 39% of those who weren't out of work for as long.
The capacity to accomplish their job ambitions was significantly impacted, according to 43% more long-term unemployed people. Unfortunately, long-term unemployment caused 38% of these people to lose respect for themselves, and 24% of them sought professional assistance.

Solution:

The global economy is being eaten away by unemployment.
It causes its victims to starve, get sick, and eventually pass away.
Both educated and illiterate people experience anxiety and despair as a result. In a culture where unemployment is the norm, crimes, corruption, discontent, immorality, and vices of all kinds are common.
Our economy needs to be modernized to address this issue.
Rapid progress has the power to disperse the gloomy clouds of unemployment.
However, the actions listed below might be quite helpful in this regard.

Prohibit Migration

First, the government should stop the vast number of villages that are rushing to the major cities. They should have access to fair employment options just outside their front doors.

Vocational and Technical Education

Second, to prepare people for careers that are useful and fruitful, a lot more technical and vocational schools need to be established.

Equal Career Opportunities

Third, the nation should do away with prejudice based on caste, color, and sex. Women must have equal job opportunities.

Self-Reliance Policies

Fourthly, we will need to take concrete actions to reduce our reliance on outside assistance or debt. To implement self-reliance policies, we will need to accelerate the pace of our economic growth.

Academic policy

Fifthly, to meet the evolving needs of the current day, the flawed educational system needs to be completely overhauled. There should be an increase in the number of universities with a practical orientation, in both the public and commercial sectors.

Optimum Agricultural System

Sixth, the agricultural industry has to undergo a transformation. The villagers who are in need and without jobs should receive the wasteland parcels. To achieve better results, farmers should be given access to better irrigation systems, seeds, and cultivation methods.

Self-employment Program

Seventh, self-employment programs should be introduced, and qualified jobless individuals should be given a fair amount of money. In this regard, corruption and the exploitation of public servants must be vigorously combated.

Early Retirement Policy

Point number eight is that this issue can also be partially resolved by the early retirement policy. Corrupt officials should always be fired. Numerous positions could be made available in this way for young people without jobs.

Overpopulation Reduction

Ninth, for overpopulated countries on the planet, governments need to work hard to slow down the population's rapid growth. To educate the public on the catastrophic effects of population growth, conferences, seminars, and workshops should be held. The media as a whole should take part in this. The fight against the population's rapid growth can go a long way toward addressing the issues of underemployment and unemployment.
Additionally, tackling the unemployment issue will benefit greatly from better economic planning, trade expansion, industrial development, increased literacy rates, political stability, and foreign investment. In a nutshell, via his explorations, man has conquered the oceans and the moon. Man has, to some extent, managed the forces of nature. The heights of scientific achievement have been attained by man. Despite all this, he is powerless to defeat the beast of unemployment.
Unemployment is a critical economic statistic because it reveals whether or not workers can readily find meaningful employment to contribute to the productive output of the economy.

 

Final Words

The sky-rocketing ratio of unemployment in our society is causing a host of social, economic, moral, political, and psychological problems. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy is required to combat unemployment. A transformation in the educational system is required to produce trained labor. The government should quicken the pace of economic development. The energy, communications, and transportation industries should get special encouragement. The government should set up microindustries and self-employment programs in rural and underdeveloped areas. Furthermore, serious and adequate efforts should be made to stop population growth. The problem of unemployment cannot be fully resolved. Nevertheless, it may be diminished with dedication, honesty, and intellect.

Although it has a significant influence on everything, unemployment is a critical social and economic problem that is frequently ignored. A more robust system of assessment should be implemented to identify the causes of unemployment and better understand how to solve them.

In short, the persistent unemployment issue has weakened the state's socioeconomic structure and caused social, political, and economic unrest. Without a focus on addressing its factors, it is anticipated to get worse. For instance, terrible forms of unemployment include poverty, crime, political instability, and economic exploitation. These manifestations lead to the deterioration of social cohesion, the loss of enormous human capital, and the dissolution of political institutions. Individual economic instability, therefore, causes a significant catastrophe that throws the nation's progress toward peace and prosperity off course. On the other hand, solving the unemployment issue might benefit the nation in unfathomable ways.

                           ......The End..........

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Some Quotations about Unemployment by Prominent Writers

Karl Marx first identified unemployment as a symptom of the capitalist system, arguing that business owners required a large pool of unemployed individuals (a "reserve army of labor") to eagerly work for meager wages at a moment's notice.

Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.

Eleanor Roosevelt

Of all aspects of social misery, nothing is as heartbreaking as unemployment.

Jane Addams

Unemployment is bigger than a political party. It is a national danger and a national scandal.

Ellen Wilkinson

The hardest work in the world is being out of work.

Whitney M. Young 

Computers can solve all kinds of problems except the unemployment problem they create.

Laurence J. Peter

A man willing to work, and unable to find work, is perhaps the saddest sight that fortune's inequality exhibits under this sun.

Thomas Carlyle

An 'unemployed' existence is a worse negation of life than death itself.

Jose Ortega y Gasset

Unemployment is capitalism's way of getting you to plant a garden.

Orson Scott Card

I learned that unemployment can be a great educator.

David Caruso

Hunger is not the worst feature of unemployment; idleness is.

William Barrett

Unemployment insurance is a pre-paid vacation for freeloaders.

Ronald Reagan's

Unemployment is an integral part of the normal capitalist system.

MICHAEL KALECKI

The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.

KARL MARX

You take my life when you take the means whereby I live.

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

Of all the aspects of social misery, nothing is as heartbreaking as unemployment.

JANE ADDAMS

An "unemployed" existence is a worse negation of life than death itself.

JOSÉ ORTEGA Y GASSET

A man who has no office to go to--I don't care who he is--is a trial of which you can have no conception.

GEORGE BERNARD SHAW

The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.

Karl Marx

“If anybody would not work, neither he should eat.”

New Testament

Those who work their land will have abundant food, but those who chase fantasies have no sense.

Bible

“If you put your trust in Allah in the true sense, He will grant your provision as He grants to the birds, who go out in the morning hungry and come back full.”

(Prophet Muhammad P.B.U.H).

“Those who believe and perform honorable deeds (good work) . . . their earnings will never be withheld from them” (95:06). Al Quran